FIVE FACTS ABOUT 'HAPPY FACE '. Despite the variation in colors (and underlying gene versions), all of the happy-face spiders: have the same anatomical features, interact in the same ways with their environment and with other organisms, share the same reproductive … All rights reserved. It lives on the undersides of leaves in rainforests, mainly on the Big Island. Its 'happy face' is made from spots on its back that are believed to serve to help them deter predators, either by confusing them or camouflaging. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. flashcard set{{course.flashcardSetCoun > 1 ? Theridion grallator, also known as the Hawaiian happy-face spider, is a spider in the family Theridiidae that resides on the Hawaiian Islands. [6] Certain morphs have a pattern resembling a smiley face or a grinning clown face on their yellow body. Each spider may be unique. The Hawaiian happy face spider might not be happy much longer! It has characteristically long and slender legs and a translucent yellow body. The high level of rainfall damages the glue of the web's silk threads, leading to ineffective prey capture. When they leave the nest for good, they are on their own. [9], Because T. grallator belongs to a family of spiders with very low levels of visual acuity. of leaves in rainforests, mainly on the Big Island. [7] Abdominal color changes from translucent yellow to green or orange, depending on diet. However, the Hawaiian happy face spider is part of that 1% who shows When the egg sacs are ready to hatch, the maternal female T. grallator will loosen the silk that is wrapped around the eggs to allow the spiderlings to emerge. Don't give your pet CBD Oil until you read this! One of the notable species of this genus is the Theridion grallator, known as Hawaiian happy face because of the smiley pattern on its abdomen. During winter months, specifically October to March, there is a higher proportion of smaller sized and immature spiders. Most spiders don't care for their babies; less than 1% of all spiders care for their young. [10] One pair of these differentially expressed morphs is the Yellow and Red fronts, where the morph manifests phenotypically as Yellow in females but Red in males. The Happy Face is a species of spider endemic to only a few islands of the Hawaiian archipelago. [19], Mature males actively move through forest vegetation seeking out females, which tend to be more sedentary. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree. [3] The specific epithet grallator is Latin for "stilt walker", a reference to the species' long, spindly legs. However, there still exist advantages to the other color polymorphisms despite their lower observed frequencies. Is there really a “happy face” spider that looks like this? The silk consists of a sticky substance that will allow for efficient prey capture. T. grallator is endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago. It's only about 5mm (.20 inches long), including its legs. The patterns may have developed as a way of confusing predators. There is also a highly uniform web-building behavior and structure. “Genetics of a Colour Polymorphism in Theridion grallator (Araneae: Theridiidae), the Hawaiian Happy-Face Spider, from Greater Maui.” Heredity, vol. Certain morphs of these spiders have a pattern that resembles a smiley face or a grinning face of a clown on their abdomen. Similar traits include the palpal organ and certain genitalia features. Create your account, Already registered? In addition, on Maui, all polymorphisms are attributed to individual alleles while on Hawai’i, there are two pairs of color morphs that may depend on one single locus that is differentially expressed in males and females.
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