Triggering an IgA response could increase COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. Padoan, A. et al. Longitudinally, HA-specific IgA antibody titers do not positively correlate with HAI titers against the H1 or H3 vaccine components at most timepoints tested. (2015) 33:568–76. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-09550-9_11. (2012) 30:6794–801. All vaccine formulations are based on World Health Organization recommendations for the Northern Hemisphere influenza seasons beginning in the Fall (Figure 1), and as such, all vaccinations and sample collections occurred each year between September 1st and December 15th. (2020) 204:375–85. Multivalent vaccines assume equal immunogenicity of the vaccine components to induce a balanced immune response to each vaccine strain (35). Influenza – A new pathogen every year. I am seeing a 65 year-old female with selective IgM deficiency (IgM<7 with normal IgA and IgG) inquiring about shingles vaccine. CBER-FDA. The only exception was in 2015 following vaccination, where the H3 HA-specific IgA titers significantly correlated with serum HAI titer against the Switz/13 H3N2 virus strain (r = 0.33, p = 0.018). In contrast, young adults have a skewed response toward either the H1N1 or the H3N2 vaccine strains (Figure 3). To understand the relationship between the HA-specific IgA and IgG antibodies, the inter-assay Pearson correlations for each timepoint were calculated (Tables 1, 2). The number of class-switched (IgA and IgG) memory B cells and plasmablasts are age-dependent. Available online at: https://www.fludb.org/brc/vaccineRecommend.spg?decorator=influenza (accessed December 31, 2019). Robust mucosal-homing antibody-secreting B cell responses induced by intramuscular administration of adjuvanted bivalent human norovirus-like particle vaccine. ), despite a consistent trend for increased IgA antibody titers against H1N1 HA vaccine component following vaccination, IIV vaccination did not significantly increase these titers until the 2016 season (Figure 2A). The IgA-deficient subjects who had an HLA B8 allele (n = 19, 36% of the immunized group) had a significantly higher responses to pneumococcal vaccine than those who did not have this HLA type ( P = 0.024). Accessibility Wong TM, Allen JD, Bebin-Blackwell A-G, Carter DM, Alefantis T, DiNapoli J, et al. Nuñez IA, Carlock MA, Allen JD, Owino SO, Moehling KK, Nowalk P, et al. Sautto GA, Kirchenbaum GA, Ecker JW, Bebin-Blackwell A-G, Pierce SR, Ross TM. Whether and how IgA-deficiency affects COVID-19 is completely unknown. Serum and nasal wash antibodies associated with resistance to experimental challenge with influenza A wild-type virus. Intra-assay Pearson correlations for H1N1 vaccine strains. In brief, D0 and D21 collected sera (200 μL) were diluted 1:1 with PBS supplemented with 0.02% sodium azide (PBSA) and added to a jacalin bead gravity column. Ten subjects (five donors 18–35 y.o. 1. In contrast, H3 HA-specific IgA titers only correlate with serum IgG titers in 2014, but not in 2015 or 2016 (Table 2).
MBio. This is might result from the artificial nature of the HAI assay or be a consequence of the lower IgA antibody levels in the serum as compared to IgG. (D) Frequency of young adults and elderly subjects with a significant immunodominant IgA response toward the H1N1 or H3N2 vaccine strains pre- and post-vaccination. 33. Of the immunized group of subjects, 35 patients (66%) had a … Influenza virus vaccination elicits poorly adapted B cell responses in elderly individuals. Intra-assay Pearson correlations for H3N2 vaccine strains. In elderly subjects, IgA responses are significantly skewed toward the H1N1 vaccine strain. Furthermore, despite similar HAI activity from purified IgA and IgG antibody fractions (Table 7), HA-specific IgA antibody titers in the serum do not correlate with serological HAI activity against the corresponding vaccine strain (Tables 1, 2). Therefore, mucosal and systemic response against SARS-CoV-2 may differ and needs to be taken into account regarding vaccine design and antibody tests. HIV-infected persons who are receiving regular doses of IGIV are unlikely to respond to varicella vaccine or MMR vaccine because of the continued presence of passively acquired antibody. and five donors 65–85 y.o.) Criscuolo E, Caputo V, Diotti RA, Sautto GA, Kirchenbaum GA, Clementi N. Alternative methods of vaccine delivery: an overview of edible and intradermal vaccines. Recent studies highlight the need for broader and better immune correlates of protection, as well as particular vaccine delivery platforms (37–40). Ether-extracted split viruses were created from freshly harvested allantoic fluid and from previously frozen virus lots, prior to HA and HAI assays, as previously described (22). Plates were blocked with blocking buffer (2% BSA, 1% gelatin in PBS/0.05%Tween20) at 37°C for 2 h. D0 and D21 serum samples were initially diluted 1:50 and then further 2-fold serially diluted in blocking buffer to generate 7-point binding curves. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1642056, 23. H1-specific IgA titers are positively correlated with IgG titers at all timepoints, except for D21 post-vaccination in 2015 (p = 0.11) (Table 2). I assume will be recommendation to vaccinate those with CVID? doi: 10.3201/eid1503.080238, 11. J Clin Microbiol. INTRODUCTION In December 2019, a novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV … suggesting that mucosal-induced IgA is protective (12). (2011) 121:3109–19. Fifty-two subjects have been given a pneumococcal vaccination; vaccine responses to 12 serotypes were significantly related to serum IgG2 levels (P = 0.004). To understand the serological response to recurrent IIV vaccination with 3 antigenically different H3N2 vaccine strains, the levels of serological IgA antibodies that bound to the HA from A/Texas/50/2012 (TX/12), A/Switzerland/9715293/ 2013 (Switz/13), and A/Hong Kong/4108/2014 (HK/14) were determined in young and elderly subjects that were vaccinated over these three consecutive influenza seasons (Figure 2C). All statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism V.8.3.0 software (San Diego, CA). Preexisting subtype immunodominance shapes memory B cell recall response to influenza vaccination. To better understand the serological response to recurrent IIV vaccination with antigenically similar vaccine strains, the serological IgA antibody titers were quantified against the H1N1 HA vaccine component (A/California/07/09) in young and elderly subjects vaccinated over three consecutive northern hemisphere influenza seasons (2014 to 2016) (Figure 2A). doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.04.008, 12. Traditionally, immunological responses to influenza vaccination have been largely focused on IgG antibodies, with almost complete disregard of other isotypes. Front Microbiol. First, the contact between respiratory viruses such as the new coronavirus and rhinoviruses and the body is typically short and minimal — usually one or two weeks. Antigenic and genetic characterization of the haemagglutinins of recent cocirculating strains of influenza B virus. Comparisons of the humoral and cellular immune responses induced by live attenuated influenza vaccine and inactivated influenza vaccine in adults. J Clin Invest. ImmunoHorizons. Sterilizing immunity in absence of inflammation is promoted by serum neutralizing antibodies against the HA receptor binding site (RBS) (12). Selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) is the most prevalent immunodeficiency worldwide, progressing to common variable immunodeficiency only in few reported cases. Arch Intern Med. What are the symptoms of selective IgA deficiency? The HAI titer was determined by the reciprocal dilution of the last well that contained non-agglutinated RBCs. We use cookies to enhance your experience. Blood (70–90 mL) was collected from each subject at the time of vaccination (D0) and 21–28 days (D21) post-vaccination. Selective IgA deficiency is often inherited, meaning it is passed down through family members who have selective IgA deficiency or similar immune problems. (2017) 18:464–73. doi: 10.1038/nri2054, 52. Nonetheless, recurrent vaccination over three consecutive years with IIV significantly increased the anti-HA IgA antibody titers in both elderly and young subjects (Geo Mean Dif (H116D21-H114D0) 7.3 and 1.763 μg/mL, respectively). Influenza viruses were obtained through the Influenza Reagents Resource (IRR), BEI Resources, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), or were provided by Sanofi Pasteur (Cambridge, MA, USA) and Virapur, LLC (San Diego, CA, USA). Due to low influenza B virus sensitivity in the HAI test, viruses underwent ether-treatment as recommended by the Influenza Division of the CDC in order to increase assay sensitivity and more reliable detection of HAI rises following influenza B vaccination (27). doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.022, 14. Ten responders with the highest IgA responses were selected for IgA and IgG purification by affinity chromatography and purified fractions used to determine IgA and IgG specific HAI activity. Furthermore, despite a prominent increase in activated memory B cells following influenza vaccination, the relative proportion of IgA and IgG memory B cells remains the same (Figure S2). Blanco E, Pérez-Andrés M, Arriba-Méndez S, Contreras-Sanfeliciano T, Criado I, Pelak O, et al. Similar to H3 HA-specific IgA titers, there was a decrease in the IgG titers in elderly subjects in 2016, as well as a decrease in the magnitude of the IgG response following vaccination, (Geo Mean Dif (H3D21-H3D0) = 20.94; 28.57, and 6.35 μg/mL in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively) (Figures 2C,D).
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